Panic Attacks

A panic attack can be defined as a sudden and abrupt feeling of intense fear that is accompanied by physical symptoms like shortness of breath, or fear of having a heart attack or dying. Panic attacks can occur on their own or within the context of a mental health concern such as depression, PTSD, or an anxiety disorder). Panic attacks tend to start very quickly but typically peak within 10 minutes, However, it can take time for symptoms, especially physical symptoms, to subside. 

Common symptoms of panic attacks include: 

• Rapid heart rate or palpitations 
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain or pressure 
• Lightheadedness or dizziness 
• Difficulty breathing or feeling like you are choking 
• Shakiness, numbness, or tingling 
• Excessive sweating 
• Chills or hot flashes 
• Upset stomach, nausea, or diarrhea
• Feeling a loss of control
• Feeling detached from oneself or feeling unreal 
• Feeling like you are dying 

Panic disorder is caused by the experience of recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, causing an individual to become fearful of experiencing another panic attack. This then causes individuals to avoid situations that may trigger another attack. You can experience panic attacks without meeting criteria for panic disorder as panic disorder often develops after an individual has had several panic attacks. 

Some symptoms of panic disorder include: 

• Experiencing frequent panic attacks that aren't’ tied to a specific situation
• Behaving differently because of panic attacks (avoiding places or situations) 
• Constant concern about having another panic attack

Research has found cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to be the most effective form of treatment for panic disorder. CBT can help address fears, and investigate the thoughts and behaviours that are triggering panic attacks, and find strategies to decrease the intensity of panic attacks like breathing and relaxation techniques. Additionally, exposure therapy can be helpful to learn healthier ways of coping when experiencing a panic attack and decrease fear of intense body sensations.  

If you're experiencing any of the above symptoms, you may be struggling with panic attacks or panic disorder. Contact us for a free 15 minute phone consultation to see how we can help.